• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Equipment for obtaining electrical energy on the surface from the capture of the kinetic energy of currents in seas and rivers that comprises at least one blade (2) entirely made of silicone that is submerged under the surface (s) of a current of river or sea water and mechanically linked to a floating platform (3) through at least one axis (4) on which the blade (2) rotates in both directions in the same way when moved by the river or sea current, in the same way and independently of the change in direction of the sea or river current; and where the shaft (4) is associated at the bottom with at least one tensioning cable (5) configured to maintain the blade (2) in a position transverse to the flow of the river or marine current and, at its upper end, with a hydraulic pump (6) located on the floating platform (3) configured to transmit the kinetic energy that the fluvial or marine current prints on the shaft (4) through the blade (2) to a dynamo (7) mechanically linked to said axis (4) to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2804373A1
    申请号:ES201930681
    申请日:2019-07-23
    公开日:2021-02-05
    发明作者:Lopez Miguel Barranco
    申请人:Barranco Peran Miguel；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] Equipment for obtaining electrical energy on the surface from the capture of the kinetic energy of currents in seas and rivers
    [0004] The invention, as expressed in the wording of the present specification refers to equipment for obtaining electrical energy on the surface from the capture of the kinetic energy of water currents in rivers and / or streams marine. More specifically, the object of the invention consists of an equipment that, based on the installation of at least one vertical turbine whose axes are coupled to cables that tension submerged weights under a floating platform that is configured to collect the kinetic energy of the river current or sea current that moves the blades.
    [0006] Technical field of the invention
    [0008] The present invention is framed within the energy industry sector, focusing particularly on the field of industry dedicated to the manufacture and installation of apparatus, devices and equipment for the use of clean energy and the generation of electrical energy, more particularly, the Applicable for the utilization of the kinetic energy of fluvial and maritime currents.
    [0010] State of the art
    [0012] The need to seek clean energy, which does not disturb ecosystems and does not directly or visually pollute, makes it necessary to study and develop new procedures and systems to obtain clean and non-polluting energy in a cheaper way, more respectful of flora, fauna and with the environment than that offered by systems of the state of the art.
    [0014] In the current state of the art, there are two systems for obtaining clean energy: solar energy and wind energy. However, both disturb the flora, fauna, and aesthetic appearance of the ecosystems they invade. For example, solar panels, which are generally used in large fields, invade the spaces occupied by flora and fauna that move from their habitat and, of course, aesthetically damage the spaces and landscapes.
    [0016] Wind farms are particularly bad for the environment. In the first place, they harm the land, since it is necessary to transport the materials, which are large and heavy, to the location point. These materials require special accesses through fields and mountains, with which paths must be created that are necessary for their conservation and maintenance, damaging nature and the landscape. In addition, they damage the habitat of birds, since some die from the effects of the blades of wind turbines. Wind farms, in themselves, are industrial facilities that harm flora and fauna by creating spaces for human transit that displace animals and destroy part of the surrounding flora.
    [0018] With reference to the current state of the art, offshore wind systems are known, with a high economic cost -50 million euros per wind turbine- and where each wind turbine has an approximate weight of 150 Tm. This creates a serious environmental problem due to the intensive use of fiberglass that will arise when wind turbines have to be renewed at the end of their useful life.
    [0019] On the other hand, these two sources of energy depend on nature to work and capture energy. They depend on the hours of sunshine, that there are no clouds, that there is no rain, that there is wind in adequate quantity and speed. There is an energy capture that is a function of the weather itself, and which is studied based on statistics, weather data that, on the other hand, can vary over time.
    [0021] Other systems known in the state of the art are those that use submerged turbines, with a similar operation to that of wind energy, but generating the electricity under water. The energy potential of water is much greater than that of air, but the generation of electricity under water plus the anchorage infrastructure in the seabed, limit and condition electricity production. Research on some models is being limited to the "gearbox", when it is necessary to consider that the energy to be produced is proportional to the diameter of the blades, so the performance optimization provided by a turbine only acts on the natural loss produced in the "transformation" of kinetic energy into electrical energy.
    [0023] Other known systems are oscillating kites, helical turbines -Archimedean screw-, wave motion, and so on. They have the same or more drawbacks than the previous ones and less performance. They are being experimented with, but it does not seem that they can become sustainable, much less profitable.
    [0025] Description of the invention
    [0027] The object of the present invention is an equipment for obtaining electrical energy on the surface from the capture of the kinetic energy of currents in seas and rivers according to claim 1. Particular and preferred embodiments are described in the dependent claims of the equipment of the invention.
    [0029] The object of the present invention is based on the inverted drilling bit, changing the motor that produces the drilling energy on the surface, for an electric generator or "dynamo". The dynamo is driven by turbines that rotate on a flexible shaft (stainless steel cable), anchored on the seabed. The axial cable must remain vertical, sufficiently taut to withstand the pressure of the water on the turbine, which is achieved by regulating the weight of the anchor and the floating platform, from the same surface. The diameter and length of the turbine, plus the speed of the current, determine the energy volume to be achieved.
    [0031] One of the advantages of the invention is that the assembly is simple, which facilitates the maintenance of the system, which allows the exchange of each and every one of its components, which will facilitate the optimization of energy performance. The use of marine currents is done in an integral way, from the superficial to the deep, although these are found or alternating like those produced by the tides. For example, in the Strait of Gibraltar, with a depth of up to 900m and with conflicting currents, the greatest energy capacity is found on the coasts of Morocco. The currents of the Gulf of Mexico, with widths from 80km and 640m deep in Cuba to more than 1000km. With depths of 800 to 1200m in the rest and an average speed of 1.8m / s that moves on the surface, disappearing at a depth of 100m. Highly productive alternating tidal currents occur in the mouths of the estuaries and bays. The energy volume, intensity and frequency of the electricity produced by the system of the invention is homogeneous and permanent, as are the currents that produce it.
    [0032] As is known, river courses such as sea, surface or submerged currents are masses of water with a certain density, with constant or variable speeds, as well as with directional changes, and that, therefore, are potentially susceptible energy carriers. to be used properly. Thus, it is in said adequacy of the way of obtaining said energy, where the objective of the present invention lies.
    [0034] Specifically, what the invention proposes, as noted above, is equipment that, applicable for installation in river or maritime sites, is designed to take advantage of the kinetic energy that causes the flow of river water currents and underground, collect it and raise it to the surface to convert it into electrical energy, for which, it is based, essentially, on the installation of a set of vertical turbines (like an inverted drilling bit) submerged under a floating platform at which are linked through their axes, which, in turn, are coupled to cables that maintain tensioned weights submerged below the blades, existing on the platform, coupled to the axes of each blade, a hydraulic pump , to collect the kinetic energy of the river or marine current that moves said blades and, through the most appropriate means, bring it to a dynamo converted into electrical energy des from where it can be transported for use.
    [0036] In this way, submerged in water, only mechanical elements are available, made of materials compatible with the marine environment, with a density a little lower than that of water, with the exception of logically weights, to achieve their buoyancy to facilitate maintenance and not have than working underwater. More specifically, in the preferred embodiment of the equipment of the invention, a floating platform is contemplated, with two, four or more cables with natural tensioners, which allow, depending on the tides, to keep the cables tensioned with weights, in such a way that maritime soils are not affected, either because it is not necessary to reach them or having them anchored to the bed in the case of rivers, but in such a way that their elimination, if deemed necessary, would not leave a trace. These cables are the support of the shafts on which the turbines are arranged, designed to rotate in the same way in one direction or another, although the direction of the current varies, and that the shafts rotate, integral with them, so that they transfer the kinetic energy to the surface to a hydraulic pump coupled to them on the floating platform. In said platform, for its part, the means are incorporated to collect, by the most appropriate procedure, said energy in a dynamo, in order to transport it.
    [0038] Preferably, a platform will have four shafts of the appropriate length, depending on the location where it is installed, where the blades rotate to raise the kinetic energy of the current, to four hydraulic pumps, one coupled to the upper end of each shaft, on the platform. , which optimize the speed of the blades, to carry it to a hydraulic motor and, from this, to the dynamo, and in this way achieve greater production of electrical energy. In addition, preferably, the platform has a cover that completely covers and protects the functional elements of the equipment provided on it, which is preferably hemispherical and has an access system, being designed not to allow the entry of water into its interior and Optionally, it will carry additional elements of location and signaling that are precise for the marine and navigation authorities.
    [0040] Finally, as mentioned in previous sections, the equipment of the invention is designed so that, in addition to allowing the generation of clean energy, it can also act as a protective element for marine fauna and flora, especially, for example, species in extinction such as posidonia, since it would constitute a barrier against trawling, whether it is in operation or not.
    [0041] Throughout the description and the claims, the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will be derived in part from the invention and in part from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration and are not intended to restrict the present invention. Furthermore, the invention covers all the possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.
    [0043] Brief description of the drawings
    [0045] A series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention, which is illustrated as a non-limiting example thereof, will now be described very briefly.
    [0047] Figure 1.- Shows a schematic view of an example of embodiment of the equipment for obtaining electrical energy on the surface from the capture of the kinetic energy of river waters and marine currents object of the invention, appreciating the main parts and elements that it comprises, as well as their configuration and arrangement, both on the surface and below it.
    [0049] Explanation of a detailed embodiment of the invention
    [0051] As can be seen in figure 1, the equipment (1) in question, applicable for installation in river or maritime sites, to take advantage of the kinetic energy caused by the flow of river and marine water currents under the surface or In it, it comprises, essentially, one or more blades (2) or submerged turbines under a floating platform (3) to which they are linked through axes (4) on which the blades (2) rotate when they are moved by the current, and in some tension cables (5) that keep the blades (2) in place against the thrust of the current, and at their upper end, a hydraulic pump (6) located on the floating platform (3), which, in turn, through for example a hydraulic motor (12), transfers the kinetic energy, which prints the current in the shafts (4) through the blades (2), to a dynamo (7) linked to the same to convert it into electrical energy.
    [0053] The tensioning cables (5) that keep the blades (2) in place under the floating platform (3), are tensioned by means of weights (8) provided at the lower end thereof. Optionally, the weights (8), in turn, can be attached by modular anchors (9) to the seabed or river bed, as appropriate.
    [0055] The blades (2) can be fastened with vertical tension cables (5), as shown in the example in figure 1, or inclined, for example inclined two by two, forming a grid that, in turn, and as appropriate, they are anchored to the bottom with modular anchors (9), allowing the fluctuation of the tides. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the floating platform (3) comprises four blades (2) with four axes (4) attached to four tension cables (5), which can be secured with weights (8) that do not reach the bottom, or with natural elements, in such a way that maritime soils are not affected. In any case, optionally, the tensioner cables (5) are inserted inside the shafts (4) and in such a way that, at their upper end, they are attached to a tensioner collector (10) that allows them to be lifted for maintenance or replacement operations. .
    [0057] On the other hand, also preferably, the blades (2) are designed so that they always go in the same direction even if the currents are opposite or found, being able to present the shape represented in the drawings or any other. Furthermore, preferably, the platform floating (3) incorporates a cover (11) that completely covers and protects the functional elements of the equipment provided on it. Said cover (11), which in the preferred embodiment is hemispherical and has an access, does not allow the entry of water inside and, optionally, incorporates additional elements for location and signaling. In the example represented in figure 1 the arrangement of the floating platform (3) is observed on the surface (s) of the water, with the blades (2) submerged below it and the weights (8) located at a certain distance from the bottom (f), secured to it by anchors (10).
    [0059] One of the essential characteristics of the system is that the blades (2) are made of silicone, flexible like the tail and fins of fish, because no animal or mineral matter adheres to the silicone. In addition, the flexibility optimizes energy efficiency by expanding the thrust surface and decreases the resistance. Finally, silicone is a material that does not degrade, so it is imperishable and non-polluting.
    [0061] The equipment of the invention does not require any type of permanent infrastructure embedded in the bottom, such as wind systems. The simplicity of assembly, experimentation and maintenance makes it unique and different from the equipment described in the state of the art. The transformation of the kinetic energy of water into electrical energy is done on the surface (not submerged). Each "column of kinetic generation" formed by the turbines installed along the "rotating auger", drives a hydraulic pump (water) that operates the electric generator that can be responsible for more than one pump. The residual water flow, once the dynamo is activated, is used to create a spray column that performs two functions: signaling maritime traffic and stimulating evaporation. Furthermore, the system of the invention is fully reversible.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. An equipment for obtaining electrical energy on the surface from the capture of the kinetic energy of currents in seas and rivers that is characterized in that it comprises at least one blade (2) entirely made of silicone that is submerged under the surface (s) of a river or marine water current and mechanically linked to a floating platform (3) through at least one axis (4) on which the blade (2) rotates in both directions in the same way when moved by the river or sea current, in the same way and independently of the change of direction of the sea or river current; and where the shaft (4) is associated at the bottom with at least one tension cable (5) configured to maintain the blade (2) in a position transverse to the flow of the river or marine current and, at its upper end, with a hydraulic pump (6) located on the floating platform (3) configured to transmit the kinetic energy that prints the river or marine current on the shaft (4) through the blade (2) to a dynamo (7) mechanically linked with said axis (4) to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy.
    [2]
    2. The equipment according to claim 1 wherein the tensioning cable (5) that keeps the blade (2) in place under the floating platform (3), is tensioned by at least one weight (8) provided in the lower end of them.
    [3]
    3. The equipment according to claim 2 wherein the weight (8) is attached by means of a modular anchor (9) to the seabed or river bed, allowing the fluctuation of the tides.
    [4]
    The equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blade (2) is held by a vertical or inclined tensioning cable (5).
    [5]
    5. The equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising a tensioner collecting device (10) connected to a tensioning cable (5) inserted in the shaft (4).
    [6]
    6. The equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the floating platform (3) incorporates a watertight cover (11) that totally covers said floating platform (3) and incorporates a single access or register.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2256011A|1991-05-22|1992-11-25|I T Power Limited|Floating water current turbine system|
    JP2002257023A|2000-12-26|2002-09-11|Sokichi Yamazaki|Tidal power generating set|
    GB2447774A|2007-03-22|2008-09-24|Marine Current Turbines Ltd|Deep water water current turbine installations|
    US20100264660A1|2007-11-12|2010-10-21|Nova Laboratory Co., Ltd.|Water flow electric power generator|
    US20090129928A1|2007-11-19|2009-05-21|Sauer Christopher R|High efficiency turbine and method of generating power|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930681A|ES2804373B2|2019-07-23|2019-07-23|EQUIPMENT FOR OBTAINING ELECTRICAL ENERGY ON THE SURFACE FROM THE CAPTATION OF KINETIC ENERGY FROM CURRENTS IN SEAS AND RIVERS|ES201930681A| ES2804373B2|2019-07-23|2019-07-23|EQUIPMENT FOR OBTAINING ELECTRICAL ENERGY ON THE SURFACE FROM THE CAPTATION OF KINETIC ENERGY FROM CURRENTS IN SEAS AND RIVERS|
    PCT/ES2020/070468| WO2021014042A1|2019-07-23|2020-07-20|System for generating electrical power at the surface by harnessing the kinetic energy of ocean and river currents|
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